PASSscience

 **SCIENCE**  **Grade 5**  **Standards for Inquiry, Physical, Life, and Earth/Space Science**   The Priority Academic Student Skills (PASS) should be taught by investigating content, concepts, and principles of major themes in Physical, Life, and Earth/Space Sciences.  **SCIENCE PROCESSES AND INQUIRY**  **Grade 5**  **Process Standard 1: Observe and Measure - Observing is the first action taken by the learner to acquire new information about an object, organism, or event. Opportunities for observation are developed through the use of a variety of scientific tools. Measurement allows observations to be quantified. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.**   1. Observe and measure objects, organisms, and/or events (e.g., mass, length, time, volume, temperature) using Systems International (SI) units (i.e., grams, milligrams, meters, millimeters, centimeters, kilometers, liters, milliliters, and degrees Celsius).  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 2. Compare and/or contrast similar and/or different characteristics (e.g., color, shape, size, texture, sound, position, change) in a given set of objects, organisms, or events. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Process Standard 2: Classify - Classifying establishes order. Objects, organisms, and events are classified based on similarities, differences, and interrelationships. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 1. Classify a set of objects, organisms, and/or events using two or more observable properties (e.g., simple dichotomous keys). <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 2. Arrange objects, organisms and/or events in serial order (e.g., least to greatest, fastest to slowest). <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Process Standard 3: Experiment - Experimenting is a method of discovering information. It requires making observations and measurements to test ideas. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> *1. Ask questions about the world and formulate an orderly plan to investigate a question. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 2. Evaluate the design of a scientific investigation. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> *3. Design and conduct a scientific investigation. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**NOTE:** Asterisks (*) have been used to identify standards and objectives that must be assessed by the local school district. All other skills may be assessed by the Oklahoma School Testing Program (OSTP). <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Book icons (**)** identify Information Literacy skills. Students are best served when these are taught in collaboration and cooperation between the classroom teacher and the library media specialist. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 4. Recognize potential hazards and practice safety procedures in all science investigations. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Process Standard 4: Interpret and Communicate - Interpreting is the process of recognizing patterns in collected data by making inferences, predictions, or conclusions. Communicating is the process of describing, recording, and reporting experimental procedures and results to others. Communication may be oral, written, or mathematical and includes organizing ideas, using appropriate vocabulary, graphs, other visual representations, and mathematical equations. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> *1. Report data using tables, line, bar, trend, and/or simple circle graphs. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 2. Interpret data tables, line, bar, trend, and/or simple circle graphs. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 3. Make predictions based on patterns in experimental data. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 4. Communicate the results of investigations and/or give explanations based on data. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Process Standard 5: Inquiry - Inquiry can be defined as the skills necessary to carry out the process of scientific or systemic thinking. In order for inquiry to occur, students must have the opportunity to ask a question, formulate a procedure, and observe phenomena. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> *1. Use different ways to investigate questions and evaluate the fairness of the test. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> *2. Use a variety of measurement tools and technology. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> *3. Formulate a general statement to represent the data. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> *4. Share results of an investigation in sufficient detail so that data may be combined with data from other students and analyzed further. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**PHYSICAL SCIENCE** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Grade 5** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Standard 1: Properties of Matter and Energy - Describe characteristics of objects based on physical qualities such as size, shape, color, mass, temperature, and texture. Energy can produce changes in properties of objects such as changes in temperature. The student will engage in investigations that integrate the process standards and lead to the discovery of the following objectives:** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 1. Matter has physical properties that can be used for identification (e.g., color, texture, shape). <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 2. Physical properties of objects can be observed, described, and measured using tools such as simple microscopes, gram spring scales, metric rulers, metric balances, and Celsius thermometers. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 3. Energy can be transferred in many ways (e.g., energy from the Sun to air, water, and metal). <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**LIFE SCIENCE** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Grade 5** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Standard 2: Organisms and Environments - Organisms within a community are dependent on one another and the environment. The student will engage in investigations that integrate the process standards and lead to the discovery of the following objectives:** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 1. Organisms in a community, interacting populations in a common location, depend on each other for food, shelter, and reproduction. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 2. Changes in environmental conditions due to human interactions or natural phenomena can affect the survival of individual organisms and/or entire species. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**EARTH/SPACE SCIENCE** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Grade 5** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Standard 3: Structure of Earth and the Solar System - Interaction between air, water, rocks/soil, and all living things. The student will engage in investigations that integrate the process standards and lead to the discovery of the following objectives:** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> *1. Soil consists of weathered rocks and decomposed organic material from dead plants, animals, and bacteria. Soils are often found in layers. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 2. Weather exhibits daily and seasonal patterns (i.e., air temperature, cloud type, wind direction, wind speed, and precipitation). <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> 3. Earth is the third planet from the Sun in a system that includes the moon, the Sun, and eight other planets. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**Blueprints for each Criterion-Referenced Test reflect the degree of representation given on the test to each PASS standard and objective. To access the current blueprint(when available) go to the State Department of Education Web site at <[| http://sde.state.ok.us] >, click on site index, then click “s” to go to student assessment, then click on “Student tests & Materials” then scroll town to “alignment blueprint.”** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> **GLOSSARY** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**classifying** - classifying establishes order. Objects, organisms, and events are classified based on similarities, differences, and interrelationships. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**communicating** - communicating is the process of describing, recording, and reporting experimental procedures and results to others. Communication may be oral, written, or mathematical and includes: organizing ideas, using appropriate vocabulary, graphs, other visual representations, and mathematical equations. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**experimenting** - experimenting is a method of discovering information. It requires making observations and measurements to test ideas. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**inquiry** - inquiry can be defined as the skills necessary to carry out the process of scientific or systemic thinking. In order for inquiry to occur, students must have the opportunity to ask a question, formulate a procedure, and observe phenomena. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**interpreting** - interpreting is the process of recognizing patterns in collected data by making inferences, predictions, or conclusions. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**modeling** - modeling is the active process of forming a mental or physical representation from data, patterns, or relationships to facilitate understanding and enhance prediction. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**observing and measuring** - observing is the first action taken by the learner to acquire new information about an object or event. Opportunities for observations are developed through the use of a variety of scientific tools. Measurement allows observations to be quantified. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**qualitative changes** - qualitative changes refer to any characteristics of, relating to, or involving quality or kind. Examples include texture, color, or odor. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**qualitative observations** - qualitative observations describe property such as color, texture, odor, and taste (as appropriate). Qualitative observations utilize descriptive language. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**quantitative changes** - quantitative changes can be measured by quantity or amount. Examples include mass, volume, and temperature. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**quantitative observations** - quantitative observations describe the amount of mass, weight, temperature, length, and time. Quantitative observations require the use of numbers. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**safety** - safety is an essential part of any science activity. Safety in the classroom and care of the environment are individual and group responsibilities. <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">**serial order** - serial order refers to the task of ordering objects from least to greatest and greatest to least.